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The United Kingdom (UK) or Great Britain + Northern Ireland is a state in Western Europe, a constitutional monarchy. It is located on the British Isles and is separated from mainland Europe by the North Sea, Pas-de-Calais, and the English Channel. Its isolated position has influenced the historical development of the country. This country consists of England, Scotland, and Wales, located on the largest island of Great Britain, and Northern Ireland, which occupies the northern part of the second-largest island of Ireland. The Isle of Man, located in the Irish Sea between the two mentioned islands, and the Channel Islands form independent administrative units. The total area of ​​​​the country is 244 thousand square meters. The country is abbreviated as the United Kingdom, Great Britain, or simply Britain. The head of state is the king. The United Kingdom was formed over many centuries. In the early Middle Ages, many small states lived on this territory. In the 11th century, one feudal state already existed on the site of present-day England. In 1284, the Kingdom of England annexed Wales, and in 1536, it became an integral part of the country. After 1603, England (along with Wales) and Scotland were ruled by Scottish kings, and in 1707 they were united as Great Britain. In 1801, the entire island was annexed to the country. Ireland, however, lost most of its territory in 1922. The island was divided into Northern Ireland, which remained part of Great Britain, and the independent state of Ireland.

 

Great Britain has a mixed economy. Private enterprises provide most of the manufacturing and services; manufacturing is mainly in the hands of large firms. After World War II, some industries were acquired by the government. Coal, gas, and electricity companies, railways, civil aviation, and some road transport companies were nationalized between 1945 and 1951. In 1949, Most steelworks were also nationalized in 1953, but the Conservatives nationalized these companies in 1953; they nationalized again in 1967, and in the 1970s, Conservatives, and Labour bought out companies in financial trouble, including shipbuilding, aircraft manufacturing, the UK's largest car manufacturer British Leyland, and several engineering and machine tool companies. The Labour government (1974–1979) established the British National Oil Corporation to support exploiting North Sea oil resources, the National Enterprise Service to provide financial support to private companies in difficult times, and the Development Agencies for Scotland and Wales. In the 1980s, the Conservative government sold 19 of the country's most profitable companies into private hands, including British Airways, British Gas, and British Communities. The aerospace, shipbuilding, steel, and water industries have also been privatized, as have most energy companies, except the nuclear industry, which relies entirely on government subsidies for survival.

 

You can see the time in the United Kingdom, London, above.